Fig. 1
Metabolic phenotyping of human K-RasG12S A549 (A549) and K-RasG13D HCT116 (HCT116) cancer cell lines. a Proliferation curves of A549 and HCT116 cancer cells. Cells were plated onto 6-well plates in standard medium. The culture medium was replaced after 18 h with standard medium ( 
, Glc 25 mM), or medium containing 1 mM glucose ( 
), or 0.5 mM glutamine ( 
). Cells were collected and counted at the indicated time points. Error bars indicate SD (n = 3). b Extracellular uptake ( 
) of Glc/Gln and secretion ( 
) of Lac/Glu in lung and colon cancer cells grown for 48 h. c Untargeted metabolic profiling of A549 lung and HCT116 colorectal cancer cell lines grown in standard growth condition. Hierarchical clustering heatmaps show significantly different intracellular metabolites by LC-MS and GC-MS. d, e Circos plots show the most significant up-regulated metabolites and cognate enriched pathways in A549 cells (panel c d) and HCT116 (panel d e). (p ≤ 0.05)